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案例
The single author, randomised controlled trial
After a randomised controlled trial from a single author had been published, a letter was received in which the correspondent suggested that the original trial might be fraudulent. Firstly, the writer claimed that it was highly unlikely that just one author could perform a prospective, randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial, especially in a small district hospital. The correspondent… -
案例
Editorial compliance with duplicate publication
一篇与另一本杂志上发表的论文非常接近的社论被提交出版。作者并没有明确说明这篇社论与已经发表的社论基本相同，但这是在同行评审过程中发现的。尽管如此，该杂志还是继续发表了这篇社论，并没有透露这篇社论与《中国日报》非常相似… -
案例
有矛盾数据的重叠论文
三篇关于一个医院问题的论文已提交给三种不同的期刊。在出版之前，期刊的三位编辑意识到这三篇不同的论文以及它们之间的实质性重叠。三位编辑相互交流，意识到他们有四个顾虑：1。这三篇论文有很大的重叠。没有… -
案例
A surgical series that is scientifically meaningless, has no ethics committee approval, and does not mention informed consent
一位外国作者提交了一份研究报告，其中他描述了一系列为治疗偏头痛而动过手术的病人。手术是他自己设计的，包括缝合颞浅动脉。这位外科医生为1200多名病人做了手术。没有明确的诊断方法，也没有对照组。没有提到… -
案例
作者关于数据所有权的争议
一篇论文提交给杂志X被审查和拒绝的建议，它应提交给一个更临床的杂志。论文正式提交给Y杂志，作者是A、B、C、D和E，E是联系不同城市但在同一个国家的两个研究小组的通讯作者。《Y杂志》把论文发给了评论员，经过讨论，他们… -
案例
大规模的不当行为？
Almost five years ago two outsiders approached an editor suggesting that a large series of papers from a particular researcher, including some published in high profile journals, might be fraudulent. Those contacting the editor thought it possible that the patients described in the studies had never existed at all. Round about the same time a few papers from this author were circulating in the… -
案例
The declared and the undeclared competing interests
An editorial was published on a particular subject in which the author’s competing interests were declared. He had given evidence on behalf of patients making a claim against a manufacturer. Three people then separately pointed out that we had already published a commentary on the same subject in which there had been no declaration of competing interest for the author. The three people all said… -
案例
The results that were too good to believe
一项研究在同行评议过程中走了很长一段路，一位统计顾问说，结果似乎“太好了，不可能是真的”。研究人员被要求提交原始数据，统计学家对此进行了分析。他仍然非常关心这些数据。该杂志通知了作者，并要求大学进行调查。编辑做得对吗？ -
案例
Invasive intervention without consent
一项关于用侵入性手术治疗急性中风患者的安全性和可行性的研究已经提交，这种手术会给患者带来相当大的不适。编辑不想发表这项研究，因为它有负面的结果，不包括功率计算，而且几乎可以肯定的是太小了，检测不出临床有用的差异。这项研究获得了当地的伦理共识… -
案例
由编辑活动引起的出版偏见
The committee’s attention has been drawn to alleged publication bias in Journal X. It is alleged that an editor on X had invited a young trainee in radiology to author some 14 commentaries over the past 5 years. His most recent commentary draws attention to one important study from France but otherwise covers the same territory as his previous commentaries without mention of relevant contrary… -
案例
Who ensures the integrity of the editor?
An editor came across a letter from the editor-in-chief of his journal to a reviewer that asserted he had recommended the acceptance of a manuscript. He had in fact recommended the opposite, both verbally and in writing. The paper in question was a guideline on the therapeutic choices for a relatively common medical condition. The authors had claimed their conclusions and therapeutic recommenda… -
案例
对患者保密的妥协？
A paper containing three case reports of the same disease was accepted for publication. The disease reported is fairly rare. The parents of one of the cases consented to publication on condition that their daughter was referred to in the paper by her first name rather than as a case number. This particular case has been discussed in the course of a national inquiry, but it is not clear whether… -
案例
Dual publication may be necessary in some situations
在最近的一次编委会会议建议ed that in some disciplines straddling several specialties, transparent simultaneous publication might be necessary. It was suggested that this applies to sexually transmitted infections, and different readers may not have access to each other’s journals. For example, in a study of human papilloma virus epidemiologists, virologists, STD physicia… -
案例
针对定性研究的匿名信
在发表了一篇关于少数民族健康行为的定性研究报告大约两个月后，一封匿名信暗示这项研究可能是骗人的。这封信的英文很差，但有两个要点。首先，最初的研究没有明确多少女性被包括在内，其次，匿名受访者无法理解谁可以… -
案例
Rights of reviewers
A clinical professor of medicine was asked to act as a reviewer for a submitted paper.The paper had not been presented publicly or in abstract form. The reviewer returned an extensive list of suggested alterations, but rated the paper highly. The other two reviewers also rated the paper highly, but suggested only minor modifications. The editor invited the authors to undertake a minor revision… -
案例
在通讯作者不知情的情况下提交
收到了一份案件报告，并正式通知了相应的提交人。通讯员（和资深作者）立即传真回来，询问谁提交了病例报告，因为他没有得到咨询，也没有看到报告手稿提交信中载有所有四位作者的姓名；其中三位签名是用同一支钢笔，可能是同一支钢笔手。手签名… -
案例
A further case of redundant publication
一篇论文被提交给一家英国专业医学杂志。在评论中，一位评论员提醒编辑一个事实，一篇非常相似的论文以美国专家的名义发表。这些报道很可能描述了同一个随机对照试验。唯一的一条新信息并不是重要的试验结果。作者没有透露… -
案例
Should editors get involved in authorship disputes?
来自芬兰的一篇论文在疫苗研究的一个有争议的领域被同行评审和暂时接受。在修订阶段，《华尔街日报》收到了一封来自美国一家免疫治疗公司研究人员的来信，对芬兰数据的分析提出了严重质疑。作者声称参与了这项研究，并提出了另一种解释… -
案例
The discontented and abandoned contributor
A paper was rejected after peer review. Some time later a researcher wrote to say that he had been involved at the beginning of the study, but had withdrawn his name because he felt the study was defective. He had heard that the study had been submitted for publication, and thought it better that the editors were made aware of his doubts before publication rather than afterwards. As the paper h…