COPE Digest: Publication Ethics in Practice. March 2015 (Vol. 3, Issue 3)

除了正常的话题,围捕month’s newsletter also highlights a new development in thinking about authorship—a topic that we know is one of the top issues that editors have to deal with and which leads to much anxiety among authors. Authorship is also the topic of this month’s case. The new initiative, Project CRediT (http://projectcredit.net), comes from a long tradition of thinking about contributions to papers, and is aimed at increasing transparency and attribution of effort.

Another highlighted topic is a guideline to standardize the citation of bioresources in journal articles (眼镜蛇).

这些举措的共同点是试图在围绕已发表文章的数据中提供结构和清晰的归属。随着文章和合作变得越来越复杂，在报道文章并最终确保对它们的依赖程度方面，此类举措将变得越来越重要。

If you have any items for COPE Digest, would like to contribute items or have other suggestions, as always, please get in touch (contact us here)，并请转寄给您的同事。

每个月，我们都会强调一个出版物道德案例，该案例已提交给COPE论坛，询问COPE会议或由我们的一位成员向COPE理事会提出的问题。案件将因若干原因而突出显示——它们可能具有广泛的兴趣，提出了一个成员可能不知道的重要新问题，或反映了一个越来越多地被问及的主题。我们欢迎就这些案件发表评论和进一步讨论，并将在今后的问题上提供摘要。

误认作者和未经授权使用数据（案例13-17）

一个研究实验室的主任联系了一份期刊，声称发表的一篇文章中使用的文件和数据是在他的研究实验室收集的，在他不知情和未经允许的情况下使用的。主任还声称，这些共同作者是在他们不知情的情况下被列入名单的。阅读完整的案例细节，以及此处的讨论和建议：//m.lang0752.com/case/misattributed-authorship-and-unauthorized-use-data

Report from the COPE Education Committee

项目来源:持续不断的努力标准化Contributor Role Taxonomy

项目信贷(http://projectcredit.net) is an ongoing effort to standardize a contributor role taxonomy to facilitate transparent disclosure of authorship and contributorship practices in scholarly writing. The taxonomy has now been released and a link to the data dictionary can be found here:http://dictionary.casrai.org/Contributor_Roles. 对这一过程的解释和14个分类法的列表已经发表在自然(http://www.nature.com/news/publishing-credit-where-credit-is-due-1.15033). Contributorship roles proposed by Project CRediT are not defined and limited in the same way as the author role in theICMJE guidelines.A glance at the taxonomy quickly shows that these new contributor roles are more comprehensive; for example, the term “software” is defined as “programming, software development; designing computer programs; implementation of the computer code and supporting algorithms; testing of existing code components”. Such non-traditional roles rarely receive recognition in published literature. This new contributor taxonomy aims to change this. Additional goals of the project moving forward into the implementation phase are to collect role metadata and deposit it with交叉引用andORCID, making it possible for research contributions to be recognized and credited appropriately. It is also hoped that better attribution of effort will reduce author disputes and promote cross disciplinary collaboration in science.

Developing a guideline to standardize the citation of bioresources in journal articles (CoBRA)

Standard citation scheme to improve the quality of bioresource reporting and allow their traceability in scientific publications
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7015/13/33

出版与法律

美国联邦法院以言论自由为由，允许《华尔街日报》Diabetesto publish Expressions of Concern about validity of data in four papers (two rulings so far)
http://ia902709.us.archive.org/17/items/gov.uscourts.mad.167340/gov.uscourts.mad.167340.17.0.pdf

引用操作已停止

Thammasat International Journal of Science and Technology停止要求作者在收回观察站后收集引文
http://retractionwatch.com/2015/02/23/journal-takes-citation-manipulation-suggestion-off-author-info-page/

The internet’s hidden science factory

Cyber guinea pigs provide a steady stream of data to academic research
http://www.pbs.org/newshour/updates/inside-amazons-hidden-science-factory/

Retraction due to unreliable data followed by misconduct investigation

University of Texas at Austinconducted a confidential investigation and shared the conclusion that scientific misconduct had occurred, but provided no further detail of the nature of the misconduct
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/347/6224/834.1.full?sid=6724e77a-819a-4acc-97fb-b07077235f7f

丹麦法庭对一位研究不端的著名科学家进行了清场

It overturns the judgement of the government agency in charge of investigating scientific fraud
http://www.nature.com/news/danish-court-quashes-ruling-against-physiologist-1.16960

神经科学杂志retracts paper and bans authors from publishing for 2 years

Institutional investigation found no intent to deceive and that the mistakes did not undermine the overall conclusion of the paper
http://www.philly.com/philly/news/nation_world/20150303_Neuroscience_journal_bans_Penn_team_from_publishing_for_errors.html

Robot journalism

人类编辑的清单。对科学论文来说，这是一小步可怕的进步。。。。。。。
http://www.pbs.org/mediashift/2015/03/an-ethical-checklist-for-robot-journalism/

艾滋病毒科学家对爱荷华州联邦法院的欺诈辩护

And faces up to 10 years in prison for faking data involving a study of an HIV vaccine
http://www.the-scientist.com/?articles.view/articleNo/42285/title/HIV-Scientist-Pleads-Guilty-to-Fraud/

New COPE guidelines: Sharing of information among editors

COPE has published new guidance on 'Sharing of information among editors-in-chief regarding possible misconduct'. These guidelines have been issued following a COPE Discussion Forum (4 September 2013) and Discussion Document (February 2014) on the subject. It was initiated in the wake of a number of high profile cases of research misconduct in which the sharing of information between the relevant editors-in-chief (EiCs) was crucial to the final settlement of the cases.Download PDF (136 KB)© 2015年。

New COPE discussion document: Addressing ethics complaints from complainants who submit multiple issues

COPE关于“解决提交多个问题的投诉人的道德投诉”的新讨论文件现已出版，可在此处阅读：//m.lang0752.com/files/Addressing_ethics_complaints_from_complainants_who_submit_multiple_issues_%20Discussion_Document_Web_Version.pdfor downloaded from our website (//m.lang0752.com/resources/discussion-documents). This guidance has been drafted following discussion at the COPE Forum (2013年12月4日), in view of the complexities inherent in investigation of complaints from anonymous 'whistle blowers' and, specifically, in response to requests from our members. COPE welcomes feedback on this document and we encourage journal editors and publishers to comment (whether or not they are COPE members).

相关讨论文件“如何回应匿名举报者”可在此处阅读：//m.lang0752.com/files/whistle%20blowers.pdf.

Register now for the COPE European Seminar 2015

There is still time to register for the COPE European Seminar 2015 in Brussels, Belgium, on 16-17 April 2015.

The theme of this year's European seminar is “Weighed and measured: how metrics shape publication (mis)behaviour”. Editors, publishers, authors and all those interested in publication ethics are welcome to attend. The full programme is now available. In addition to the all day seminar on Friday 17 April, COPE is holding a half-day Workshop on Thursday 16 April (2.30-4.30pm) with discussion of ethical cases.

The seminar will include invited talks, a panel discussion and interactive workshops.

研讨会对COPE成员和£非会员300英镑。欲了解更多信息并注册，see the COPE website

New COPE members

我们欢迎新的出版商，Copernicus Publications, to COPE.