COPE's guidance in the form of aflowcharton what to do if you suspect that images in a published article have been manipulated.
This flowchart relates only to cases where concerns related to digital photographic images are raised (eg, duplication of parts within an image, or use of identical images to show different things). For wider concerns about potential data fabrication, please consult the flowchartSuspected fabricated data in a published manuscript.
TheImage manipulation flowchartoffers guidance in steps to take when there is a suspicion of image manipulation, including who to contact and when to consider a retraction or correction.
AuthorDeveloped by COPE Council in collaboration with Springer Nature Version 1October 2018 How to cite this COPE Council. What to do if you suspect image manipulation in a published article. Version 1. 2018https://doi.org/10.24318/cope.2019.2.21
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